Non-Surgical Treatment Modalities in Colorectal Cancer Management: The Oncology Perspective
Published: 2024-10-18
Page: 211-219
Issue: 2024 - Volume 7 [Issue 2]
Silpa Choday *
Creighton University School of Health Science, Department of Internal Medicine, AZ, USA.
Tim Yu
Creighton University School of Health Science, Department of Internal Medicine, AZ, USA.
Anthony Yeung
Creighton University School of Health Science, Department of Internal Medicine, AZ, USA.
Varun Vankeshwaram
RWJBH Community medical center, Toms River, USA.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, remains a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality globally. It has diverse treatment modalities including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone of CRC management, either as adjuvant therapy post-surgery or as palliative treatment for advanced disease. Recent advancements in immunotherapy have transformed treatments particularly in subsets characterized by microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR). Targeted therapies have revolutionized the management of CRC by specifically targeting molecular pathways involved in tumor growth and progression. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current guidelines and emerging strategies in CRC non-surgical treatment, focusing on chemotherapy regimens, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), targeted therapies, biomarkers for treatment selection, and ongoing challenges.
Keywords: Colorectal cancer, CRC, Chemotherapy, treatment, oncology, immunotherapy